Correlation and Causation in Technical Education
Stop me if you’ve heard this one before: “In many Northern and Central European countries, including Switzerland and Germany, there are robust apprenticeship programs. In both of those countries, youth unemployment is very low compared to Canada and the U.S.” Or this: “As the economy changes, however, it is increasingly clear that this is the polytechnic moment… in the recent recession, youth unemployment was lower in countries with strong vocational training programs.” There are three propositions here. One is that Canada’s







